Not really. You are asking for a Switch / Case statement, which is generally agreed would be a very useful feature but it has not made it into reality so far. @Brent_Easton mentioned implementation challenges in this thread. Perhaps it will happen one day, meanwhile I generally do what you are thinking of.
One of the big advantages of a Case statement would be avoiding the problem of a later trigger mis-firing because the earlier one changed the conditions. So, I have sometimes found it best to evaluate the condition (case) into a property at the start and then activate the chain of triggers, only one of which will activate based on the case property.